Design Case Study: RTL Headquarters and Studios in a Heritage Building, MÉMOSZ
Project Background:
RTL Hungary, a leading Hungarian media company, seeks to establish its new headquarters and studios within a historical building in Budapest. The MÉMOSZ - Liget Center (built in 1948-50), a prominent and rare example of Hungarian Modernist Architecture Movement of that epoch, is a potential candidate due to its central location, spacious layout and potential for adaptation.
Navigating the evolving landscape of Hungarian heritage protection regulations, however, represented a unique planning challenge, which we successfully completed together with the Client and the General Contractor.
In 1998, we were part of a team of international architects - at Budapest Office of Dutch architect Erick van Egeraat - who worked on the refurbishment of one of the most famous and acclaimed modern monuments in the country. The office wing of former Building Workers Trade Union Headquarters - today Liget Center - on Dózsa György street was renewed then. After more than two decades, we are delighted that with the revitalization of the Auditorium the full renovation of the building complex will be completed, and even a modest new office wing: “Vitrum” will be added to the complex.
In 1947, Alvar Aalto, a Finnish architect, published an article in the Italian architectural magazine Domus. In this article, he presents the process of architectural creation as a tortuous, intuitive process, where many conflicting requirements, endowments, and aspects need to be coordinated and considered by the designer. These are social, human, economic, and technical needs that appear simultaneously and together in design and its coordination. „Architecture and its details are connected in a way with biology. They are, perhaps, like large salmon or trout. They are not born mature; they are not even born in the sea or a body of water where they will normally live. They are born many hundreds of miles from their proper living environment. Where rivers are but streams, small shining bodies of water between the mountains, under the glaciers’ first melting water drops, there they are born.”
The original design competition of the MÉMOSZ headquarters was announced in the same year as Aalto’s publishing in the Domus. At that time, five architects were commissioned to design the building: Imre Perényi, Gábor Preisich, Lajos Gádoros, Károly Perczel and György Szrogh. It is quite unique that the five Hungarian architects used and reinterpreted some of the architectural elements of Aalto's first truly famous, modernist work, the Viipuri Library, built in (at that time) Finnland (1927-1935 - now Vijborg, Russia) in the headquarters building.
We want to present and continue this game that spans time and space, during the renovation of the building, respecting the building’s core values and monumental protection.
Project Goal:
The project aims to revitalize the chosen heritage building while transforming it into a modern, functional, and creative workspace for RTL Hungary. The design seamlessly integrates RTL's corporate identity while respecting the building's historical significance.
Adapting to Changing Regulations:
Heritage protection regulations in Hungary have likely undergone revisions during and since the MÉMOSZ building's reconstruction in 1998-2000. Therefor the design approach needed to consider:
• Original Construction Standards: Respecting the building's original materials and construction techniques where possible.
• Focus on Preservation: Ensuring restoration methods prioritize the conservation of significant architectural features.
• Balancing Modern Needs: Finding creative solutions to integrate modern building systems and technologies while minimizing alterations to the historical fabric.
• Flexibility for Future Changes: Designing the refurbishment with flexibility in mind to accommodate potential future adaptations within the framework of heritage protection regulations.
Evolving Approach to Heritage Protection:
The modern approach to heritage protection often emphasizes:
• Adaptive Reuse: Encouraging the reuse of historical buildings for new functions to ensure their continued viability.
• Sustainable Practices: Reuse of historical buildings is beneficial from Circular economy point of view. Integrating sustainable design principles during refurbishment to minimize environmental impact.
• Accessibility: Incorporating accessibility features where possible while respecting the historical character of the building.
Benefits of Adapting to Change:
• Preserves Architectural Heritage: The project ensures the MÉMOSZ building is preserved for future generations.
• Modern Workspace for RTL: Provides RTL with a functional and inspiring headquarters within a prestigious historical setting.
• Positive Public Perception: Showcases a commitment to sustainable heritage management and adaptive reuse.
Design Challenges:
• Meeting Current Regulations: Interpreting and adhering to the latest heritage protection regulations may require adjustments to initial design plans.
• Balancing Priorities: Balancing the needs of modern functionality with the preservation of historical elements can be challenging.
• Collaboration with Authorities: Close collaboration with heritage protection authorities throughout the design process is essential.
Design Considerations:
• Heritage Preservation:
- Meticulously restore the building's facade and any significant architectural features.
- Adapt the interior layout to accommodate RTL's needs while preserving historical elements where possible.
- Close collaboration with heritage conservation authorities is crucial throughout the design process.
• Modern Functionality:
- Design a workspace that fosters creativity, collaboration, and innovation for RTL's employees.
- Integrate cutting-edge technology for communication, broadcasting, and content production.
- Ensure energy efficiency and sustainable design principles are incorporated. The refurbished building received “A” energetic classification.
• Corporate Identity:
- The design should reflect RTL's brand image through reuse of existing, heritage building, sustainability and strategic use of colour, signage, and visual elements.
- Create a work environment that inspires employees and reflects the company's dynamic nature.
Potential Challenges:
• Balancing Modern Needs with Historical Integrity: Reconciling modern office functionalities with the building's historical fabric can be challenging.
• New Technologies: Integrating new technologies for media production within the historical structure might require creative solutions.
• Building Code Compliance: Renovating a historical building may necessitate obtaining special permits or adhering to stricter building codes.
Public Engagement:
• Consider hosting public forums or exhibitions showcasing the renovation plans, especially if the building holds significance for the Budapest community.
Project Benefits:
• Preserves Architectural Heritage: Revitalizes a historical building and ensures its continued use for future generations.
• Creates a Modern Workplace: Provides RTL with a state-of-the-art headquarters that fosters creativity and collaboration.
• Urban Regeneration: Contributes to the revitalization of Budapest's urban fabric.
• Positive Media Attention: The project can generate positive publicity for RTL and its commitment to Budapest's heritage.
Conclusion:
Refurbishing the MÉMOSZ building for RTL Headquarters required a design approach that respects the building's heritage while adapting to evolving regulations and best practices. By embracing a collaborative and flexible approach, the project can achieve a successful outcome that benefits RTL, the Budapest community, and the future of historical preservation.
